I've been keeping documentation on my development life cycle processes.  Just recently, I realized that I could do away with a lot of these little tasks with shell scripts.  Here's a look at one of my "to-do lists" for setting up a Drupal site on my local Apache server.

 1. Setup Database • Create Database/ Grant Permission    
  • mysql -u root -p       
  • create database ___;       &
  • grant all privileges on ___.* to boz@localhost ;     

2. Add server name to host file /etc/hosts    

3. Enable site in Apache      
  • Create file in /etc/apache2/sites-available 
  • Add DocumentRoot and ServerName info.  If you add a custom error log, 
           make sure the directory and file exist in the file system.    
           DocumentRoot /var/www/drupal   ServerName local.______.com
  • Link file to /etc/apache2/site-enabled or 'sudo a2ensite' sitename
  * sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload

Now lets look at the script. The Ubuntu Community page for Drupal contains an installer shell script that I used for as a starting point for writing this one. Let's walk through it piece by piece.

Configuration

The installer script is set up to accept a bunch parameters. I didn't want to have to type the same things over and over so I hard coded some of my system information as variables at the top. * Note: Lines starting with # are comments.

 # User configuration 
user=username
password=system_password 
dbpass=mysql_password 
# End User configuration 

Setting up Drupal files

I use a multi-site configuration in Drupal so that I don't have to have mutiple copies of Drupal core files and so that I don't have to manage more that one Drupal install. This part of the scripts sets up the files and their permissions required by Drupal. The variables $1 is the first argument passed to the script dynamically and refers to the site domain name.

echo "Setting up local.$1"

echo "Setup required files/directories"
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/modules
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/themes
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/files

echo "Set permissions"
chmod -R 777 /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/files

Setup MySQL Database

This section of the script sets up a database named $2 is a reference to the second argument passed to the script.

echo "Create database reload mysql privileges"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS $2;"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS $2;"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "GRANT USAGE ON $2.* TO '$user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$password';"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $2.* TO '$user'@'localhost';"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "flush privileges;"

Drupal Site Settings file

Adding a new site to Drupal requires a clean settings.php file, which Drupal will detect and redirect you to the install.php page once everything is set up. I give full permission to this file so that Drupal can write to it later.

echo "Config Drupal settings.php"
touch /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/settings.php
chmod 777 /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/settings.php

Enabling the Domain to Apache

This section tells Apache where to point to when the new domain is hit from the browser. I'm just pointing it to my drupal folder. Notice that I use "local." in front of my domain. This is just my preference when I set up a development site. You can use whatever domain you like. The "a2ensite" command enables the site in Apache.

echo "Set up Apache config file" 
echo "" >/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1
echo "  DocumentRoot /var/www/drupal" >>/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1
echo "  ServerName $1" >>/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1
echo "" >>/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1

echo "Enable Apache site"
a2ensite local.$1

Add Domain to your Host file

All that's left to do now is to write the new domain to your host file and restart Apache.

echo "Add domain to host file"
echo "127.0.0.1 local.$1" >>/etc/hosts

echo "Restart apache"
/etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload

echo "Done"

Once the script has finished executing I can pull up my browser, enter in the new domain, which pulls up the Drupal install page. Enjoy!

Here's the full script!

# User configuration
user=
password=
dbpass=
# End User configuration

echo "Setting up local.$1"

echo "Setup required files/directories"
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/modules
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/themes
mkdir /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/files

echo "Set permissions"
chmod -R 777 /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/files

echo "Create database reload mysql privileges"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS $2;"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS $2;"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "GRANT USAGE ON $2.* TO '$user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$password';"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $2.* TO '$user'@'localhost';"
mysql -uroot -p$dbpass -e "flush privileges;"

echo "Config Drupal settings.php"
#  $db_url = 'mysql://username:password@localhost/databasename';
touch /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/settings.php
chmod 777 /home/$user/public_html/drupal/sites/$1/settings.php

echo "Set up Apache config file" 
echo "" >/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1
echo "  DocumentRoot /var/www/drupal" >>/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1
echo "  ServerName $1" >>/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1
echo "" >>/etc/apache2/sites-available/local.$1

echo "Enable Apache site"
a2ensite local.$1

echo "Add domain to host file"
echo "127.0.0.1 local.$1" >>/etc/hosts

echo "Restart apache"
/etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload

echo "Done"